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Our lab’s primary focus is to understand the core biochemistry of proteins, which are the most crucial macromolecules for any biological system. A major fraction of all proteins function as enzymes for a myriad of specific substrate-product conversion. Among these enzymes, proteases are critical for protein degradation in all living organisms. At ICMR-National Institute of Malaria Research, we are specifically interested in finding new drug targets for important vector-borne diseases (malaria & dengue) with particular focus on proteases, central to their biology.

As proteins are quite specific in their biochemical interactions, it is imperative to explore their specificity and the vast potential to alter their unique specificities via enzyme engineering. We are also currently exploring various engineering strategies in crucial enzymes of the parasites and dengue virus by altering their substrate-specificities. Proteins also serve as excellent diagnostic tools for vector-borne diseases- therefore, our lab is also investigating crucial proteins of malaria parasite and dengue virus as attractive diagnostic targets.

Schematic of the microarray design with overlapping conformational peptides

A summarized graphical depction of antigenic peptide epitope mapping. Individual dots represent cyclic constrained peptides, indicating an over- lapped arrangement of the short peptides from the antigenic proteins. (Kapil et al. 2022, Trans. Res.)

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Summarized depiction of MCA-2 function

A summarized graphical depiction of MCA-2 function in the ΔPbMCA-2 parasites and action of potential MCA-2 specific inhibitory molecules, C-532 and C-533 (Vandana et al. 2022, Emerg. Microbes Infect.)

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 Interaction of PfMCA-2 and PfTSN.

Cartoon depicting the process of capturing, binding and fragmentation during the interaction of PfMCA-2 and PfTSN (Vandana et al. 2021, J. Biochem)

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Expression of an unusual serine protease (MCA-3) in P. falciparum

Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy showing the expression metacaspases-3 (MCA-3) in blood stages of P. falciparum (Kumar et al. 2019, Int J Biol Macromol.)

Hb degradation by cysteine proteases

A single residue in both the falcipains  (FP2 and FP3) was found to be responsible to mediate hemoglobin (Hb) degradation (Rahul et al. 2019, Exp Parasitol.).

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